Review Article
 
Dental alterations in sickle cell anemia
Antonio Fabrizio Nifosí1, Pablo Castelló2, Lorenzo Nifosí2, Gianfilippo Nifosí3
1Doctor of Dental Surgery, Dental Clinic “iDental”, Valencia, Spain
2Student of Dental Surgery, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
3Medical Doctor, Hemato-Oncology Clinic, Brugmann University Hospital Center, Brussels, Belgium

Article ID: 100023D01AN2017
doi:10.5348/D01-2017-23-RA-3

Address correspondence to:
Gianfilippo Nifosí,
25, Katteputstraat, Brussels
Belgium

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How to cite this article
Nifosí AF, Castelló P, Nifosí L, Nifosí G. Dental alterations in sickle cell anemia. Edorium J Dent 2017;4:19–23.


ABSTRACT

The epidemiology of the dental disease in sickle cell anemia is not adequately described. The aim of this work is either the evaluation of literature on the topic, or to describe if the disease itself predisposes to a dental pathology, and eventually also if the latter can influence its course. We selected many cases and reviews in order to identify the dental diseases related to sickle cell anemia. Caries and periodontitis are not directly caused by disease. However, an inflammatory state caused by a dental infection can trigger or precipitate a sickle crisis. Malocclusion angle class II is particularly frequent, as a result of bone facial changes and/or related to muscle imbalance. Temporomandibular joint disorder is possible. Asymptomatic pulp necrosis is due to the sickling that causes vasocclusion within microcirculation of the dental pulp. Large population-based studies are needed in order to clarify the dental involvement in this disease. A strict collaboration between the dentist and the hematologist is essential.


Keywords: Hemoglobinopathy, Sickle crisis, Dental tissues, Oral health


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Author Contributions
Antonio Fabrizio Nifosí – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Pablo Castelló – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Drafting the article, Final approval of the version to be published
Lorenzo Nifosí – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Gianfilippo Nifosí – Substantial contributions to conception and design, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of data, Drafting the article, Revising it critically for important intellectual content, Final approval of the version to be published
Guarantor of submission
The corresponding author is the guarantor of submission.
Source of support
None
Conflict of interest
Authors declare no conflict of interest.
Copyright
© 2017 Antonio Fabrizio Nifosí et al. This article is distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original author(s) and original publisher are properly credited. Please see the copyright policy on the journal website for more information.